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Life Insurance, in simple terms, is a contract which is signed between an individual and an insurance provider, wherein the insurance provider guarantees to pay a certain sum of money (sum assured) in case of the insured individual’s death. In order to avail this protection, the insured pays a certain amount as premium towards maintaining the policy.

It is nothing but a safety net which provides financial security/protection against loss of life. The primary purpose of a life insurance policy is to protect the financial interests of the insured’s family.

While one might think that this is a recent concept, studies have shown that it has been around for centuries, with different variations of insurance dating back to 1750 BC.

There are 3 basic aspects related to life insurance, namely:

  • Premium – An individual is accorded cover only if he/she pays a certain sum of money towards the policy. This is termed the premium. One can consider it to be the initial investment which offers returns in the future.
  • Death Benefit/Sum Assured – This is the money which the insurer assures to pay to the nominee/beneficiary of the policyholder after his/her demise. This varies based on a number of parameters.

                                                     

These are plans which provide life cover for a fixed period of time. They can be either long-term or short-term plans, with the term ranging from a minimum of 5 years to a maximum of 60 years (or more) in certain cases. The insured individual is protected during this term, with the insurance company paying his/her nominee the sum assured on his/her death during the policy term. No protection is provided if the insured dies after the term.
These can be considered as the simplest insurance plans available. While they are affordable, they might not be the ideal option, for there is no protection after the said period of time. These plans do not provide a maturity benefit in almost all cases. One should consider these plans if he/she foresees their demise within a specific period (though it would be close to impossible to predict the accuracy). This could be viewed as ‘temporary insurance’, and is also referred to as pure life plans by certain insurers.
  • Term – An insurance policy provides protection for a certain period of time. This is called the term, and it could vary based on the type of policy chosen.


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